A fine, smooth probe slides alongside the hair and into the follicle. A controlled current is delivered to the base, disabling the growth cells that produce the hair. The hair is then lifted out with tweezers, no pulling.
That is the entire mechanism, repeated one follicle at a time. It is the only method recognized by the FDA and Health Canada as permanent hair removal. Not "permanent reduction." Permanent removal.
The trade-off is time. Electrolysis is slower than laser by design, but the result does not need to be revisited.